MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Aspects such as globalization of markets and speedily advancing technology drive businesses to react in order to endure. Such changes may be comparatively inconsequential, including the installation of new software programs. In addition, changes may be major, including changing a general marketing approach. It is quite significant for organizations to change because their environment is constantly changing. Studies demonstrate that organizations are attacked by amazingly high rates of change from a disappointingly huge number of sources including top leaders and lower level workers who drive for change. Accordingly, external pressures come from changes in the legal, competitive, technological as well as financial environments. Changes in an organization may occur because of difficulties being experienced by the organization. For instance, in this case, it is noted that the manager of the organization was going through a significant number of challenges for the past one and half years because of financial crisis. Therefore, this leads to main reductions throughout the company and this comprises high turnover, usage of outdated software applications, and a lower level of morale of workers. Unfortunately, every time the remaining executives plan to do a re-organization of the jobs and responsibilities within the company, many workers resign. In order to overcome this disappointment and problem, the executive leader has a great role to play to ensure the remaining workers accept change within the company. The main problem that is being experienced in this organization is the failure of change as well as resistance of employees to accept change. In most cases, the reasons for this resistance to change is that change always appears frightening to a significant number of people, which makes it hard to gain their backing and dedication to enacting changes. An executive leader attempting to implement a change – no matter how small – should anticipate exper iencing some form of resistance from the organization. Research shows that resistance to change is an ordinary response from individuals who have become used to a particular way of carrying out their activities. However, some conditions or strategies can argument resistance. Therefore, to achieve or have a successful change within an organization, it is essential to motivate groups, people as well as the organization as a whole. Motivation is the influence or force that causes people to act in a certain way. Singer and Van Cott (2009) demonstrate motivation as comprising dynamism, direction, and sustainability. Therefore, the executive leader in this organization will have to develop the capability to influence the employees concerning the intended change for the organization. This is because the ability to influence is founded partly on the leader`s skill and partly on the motivation level of an individual worker. It has been noted that analysts of motivation comprise job satisfact ion, perceived equity as well as the dedication of the organization. According to research, motivating others needs experienced managers who are in a position to organize and offer a motivating surrounding (Singer & Van Cott, 2009). For instance, such a leader must be able to communicate efficiently, respond to workers` questions, produce innovative notions, prioritize ideas, direct workforces activities, consolidate workers actions, dedicate workers to action, and

The Bravery And Loyalty Of Macbeth

The Bravery And Loyalty Of Macbeth People watching the play in Shakespeares time would feel that Macbeth had no fear and is precious and worthy. O valiant cousin, o worthy gentlemen. This suggests and gives people the impression that Macbeth is a brave and steadfast warrior. People would also think that Macbeth is a staggering warrior in the battle and that hes very successful and very resilient. People would also feel that Macbeth is a hammering and a successful person that needs no help therefore because of this he should be worshiped and treated as if hes the God of the universe. People also at that time would also have good views of Macbeth because he showed a lot of bravery and became undefeatable. They would also have a good conclusion about Macbeth because hes unstoppable and so no one in the area was able to prevent him from killing other people, leaving the area with dead people. People would also think that Macbeth is victorious and they would also think that the people in the battle deserved to die and that the people in the battle were as bad as a devil because it says o worthy gentlemen. This also means that Macbeth must have done something beneficial for people in such a high extent and it also suggests that Macbeth fought against whats right and bad to be in such a high rank, to be well respected by people and so the dead people deserved to die. Shakespeares uses a type a language called repetition because the word O is repeated. Also the word Valiant are nowadays archaic, which means that its less common to be used. The purpose of that type of language is to make people think twice and also gives them a reminder and it makes it more focused for the audience to understand Macbeths impression and to keep it in their mind with ease. In act one scene three the audience learn more about Macbeth, good points when he meets the witches because he shows his bravery. When he says stays you imperfect speakers, tell me more this suggests that Macbeth is powerful because hes shouting at the watches and telling the witches what to do. Imperfect speakers suggests that the witches are just making false tales up and that the witches are being untruthful and unreliable about what they are saying, as a result it makes Macbeth assume that the witches are making false tales up and that the witches are lying but hes eager to know and because he is powerful he is screeching at the witches and commanding the witches in an aggressive way to tell more about the story that Macbeth is going to be the king. Macbeth would appear in the scene with a lot of enthusiasm, excitement and with a lot of anger. When he sees the witches Macbeth would react in an enthusiastic way because the witches were telling him stories about his future. Macbeth would also find it alike about what hes hearing also he would think that theyre clowns and are just here to make false stuff up, as a result it would make Macbeth entertained. Macbeth would speak as if hes God because hes all powerful. When Macbeth says tell me more it suggests that Macbeth is angrily and desperately demanding the witches to tell him more about what theyre saying. The quote would also suggest that Macbeth at that time would move in an aggressive way and point at the witches to show and teach the witches that Macbeth is bigger, higher in rank and better and so he is to be well respected and honoured. Tell me more also suggests that Macbeth would be speaking in a cocky way. Macbeth would also be moving in a threatening way and would say s peeches like if you dont stay I will make you regret angrily to get his point across and to show that he is powerful. He would be saying all that because the witches were refusing to follow his instruction and that the witches were being very fast to try to leave the conversation. Shakespeare uses exaggeration because in the quote its written in a more of a demanding way for Macbeth. The purpose of this is to force the witches to follow what Macbeth is saying and to show that Macbeth is interested also to get the witches buzzed. In act 1 scene 3 we find out a lot more about how Macbeth feels when hes told that hes going to be the thane of Cawdor. Macbeth has become thane of Cawdor as third prediction by the witches. If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me, without my stir. This means Macbeth may become the king because the witches have also predicted this. He feels that the next the prediction that hes going to become king can also be true and he feels confused but glad at the same time. Macbeth would also feel that what he heard is true; however he wouldnt do anything to be the king. He would leave it all in luck. The quote also suggests that Macbeth isnt really self-encouraged to do anything to be the king instead he would leave it all in luck to be the king, and also he would feel that there is not point for him to stir stuff up in anyway or to fight to be the king when there is no need because he is very powerful. This is a rhetorical question, because Macbeth is asking himself that quote and the purpose of this is to make Macbeth think twice, does he think its worth it, what the consequences will be, how can he overcome?, whats the benefit etc. Similarly the purpose is like taking a move in Chess because once youve done that there are a lot to think from and it gives you a buzz, impressions and it makes you ask yourself whether its worth it or not etc. In scene 1 scene 7 Macbeth doesnt want to kill King Duncan because he says I am his kinsman and his subject, this suggests that Macbeth is very closely related to King Duncan and that Macbeth has blood relationships with King Duncan and that they both go along with each other very strongly. To clarify Macbeth is trying to say I am a cousin of the king and I will serve him. The quote also suggests that King Duncan is like a father to Macbeth and so its Macbeths duty to take care of him and treat him with great respect as if hes the slave of King Duncan. It also suggests that he cant get along with the crime as he is the kings man. The purpose of this language is to tell Lady Macbeth that Macbeth is a cousin of the king and so hes doesnt want to kill King Duncan. At the beginning of the conversation Macbeth decides not to murder King Duncan, he says we will proceed no further in this business. This means that Macbeth will not take a step to follow her instruction and that he will take no tolerance with the conversation. It also suggests that Macbeth will definitely not going to murder King Duncan and hes feeling guilty and scared of what hes planning to do and so he doesnt want to go any further. His last speech to Lady Macbeth suggests that Macbeth is prepared to kill King Duncan; he says I am settled. This means that Macbeth is prepared, certain to kill King Duncan, steady and stable to go into action and kill King Duncan. This also suggests that Macbeth will stay 100 per cent focused on King Duncan to carry out the murder; also it suggests that Macbeth will be successful due to his focuses. The purpose of this language is to tell the audience how Macbeth feels and what hes trying to say. This changes because the first reaction of Macbeth suggests that hes definitely not going to murder King Duncan and he thinks hell feel guilty, very hesitating and that hell take zero tolerance. But the last reactions of Macbeth suggests the opposite, Macbeth feels that hes 100% certain to do it, also hes eager and focused to do so. The reason why this changes because his ambition for power grows as well as being persuaded to do so. In the background Macbeth has a lot of loyalty and is honoured and well respected by others due to his bravery. He also has a lot of power and it grows dramatically and later hes very eager to become the king. Later on even though his main ambition was to become king he doesnt want to reach a stage where he thinks its bad. However his wife persuades him and argues against Macbeth, persuading him to kill King Duncan and eventually she manages to pull him to her side. Her wife uses a variety of techniques to persuade Macbeth so that he murders King Duncan. She accuses Macbeth of being a coward and soft because he doesnt want to kill King Duncan and this has an effect on Macbeth and most her speeches that she says to Macbeth is totally the opposite of what people thinks of him, and therefore it makes Macbeth feel that what her wife is saying is right, and for Macbeth in order for him to prove that Lady Macbeth is wrong he must kill King Duncan. Eventually all that stirring up that her wife does to Macbeth has an huge effect, eventually, Macbeth decides to follow her instruction and do it because Macbeth wants to prove it wrong and therefore he wants to kill King Duncan. In act 2 scene 1,the scene opens with some casual conversation which tells us that its very dark, and that something bad is about to happen. The audience must be in a way of state like as if they are watching a very horror movie; William Shakespeare made this scene scary just to match up with the killing of the king. But at the beginning of this scene it starts off with Banquo and his son Fleance in the courtyard of Macbeths castle, and Fleance is carrying a torch in this scene. Banquo asks Fleance, How goes the night, boy? Hes not asking Fleance how hes doing; hes asking how late it is. Fleance hasnt heard a clock strike, but the moon is down, so it must be past midnight. Banquo then hands his sword to Fleance, who is apparently serving as his fathers squire. Banquo also gives Fleance something else, perhaps the belt and sheath for the sword. It appears that Banquo is getting ready to go to bed, and he remarks that Theres husbandry in heaven; / their candles are all out. Husbandry i s thriftiness; Banquo means that heaven has gone to bed, and has put out its candles for the night. The moon is down, the night is starless, and there are no street lights in Macbeths castle. In short, its darker than any dark most of us have ever seen. And within this dark is fear. Banquo is dead tired and feels as heavy as lead, but hes fighting sleep because hes afraid of his own thoughts or dreams. He asks the powers above to Restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature / Gives way to in repose!, but we dont know exactly what thoughts hes afraid of. A little later he says that he has dreamed of the weird sisters, so maybe hes been thinking about their prophecies. Perhaps he fears that Macbeth is planning murder. Or he might fear his own thoughts about how he might become the father of kings. Or maybe hes just been having uncanny thoughts, such as seem to creep up on us in a very dark night, when every bush can be a bear. Whatever fear it is thats keeping Banquo awake, its also made him edgy. When he sees another torch, he takes his sword from Fleance and calls out Whos there?. Logically, he should have nothing to fear within the locked gates of Macbeths castle, but he still feels the need to have his sword ready, just in case. But the main factor of this scene is when Macbeth goes in to kill the king of Scotland, and it all starts off with him preparing everything for the kill, until when the bell is rang by lady Macbeth just to make clear that theres no one there in the castle that is awake apart from lady Macbeth and Macbeth himself. The audience at this point would be shocked at Macbeth because of the go along of Macbeth with Lady Macbeth; the audience would not be in favour with Macbeth due to going to kill the king. While Macbeth is getting ready to kill the king and is waiting for the thumbs up by his wife at his quiet and peaceful castle something appears in front of him. Macbeth says: Is this a dagger which I see before me, the handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee. This conveys that Macbeth is standing in the corridor of his castle when suddenly he discovers the floating dagger which is in front of him, he is really confused and does not know what to do, he is talking to himself saying is it a false creation of the mind or is it related to the witches, Macbeth says: A dagger of the mind, a false creation, proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain?. The dagger seems to be showing Macbeth the path which he already is in he yet again talks to himself, he says: Thou marshallst me the way that I was going, and a instrument I was to use, the readers of this play would be saying that the floating dagger is from the evil wayward sisters and they are trying to push Macbeth into killing Duncan. But suddenly within seconds Macbeth looks above to see the dagger once more, he discovers that the dagger he saw earlier is not the same, he discovers that th e dagger has gouts of blood on, dipping away on the concrete floor, he says: I see thee still, and, on thy blade and dudgeon, gouts of blood, which was not so before. He follows the dagger into the hall way up the stairs leading him to the chamber of the king Duncan, where he lays in bed, with the drunken guards a sleep not knowing anything thats going on beside them. The bell of Macbeths house rang; giving Macbeth a signal from Lady Macbeth to let him know thats everything is fine. Macbeth says: I go, and it is done: the bell invites me. Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven or hell, this is showing that Macbeth is ready to go and kill Duncan. Shakespeare wanted the audience to feel very sad and angry with Macbeth of what he has done in this scene and I think that this scene changed the opinions of readers likes of Macbeth to dislikes. In act 2 scene 2, Macbeth seems to find the killing regretful and bad. Ill go no more: I am afraid, to think what I have done: look ont again, I dare not. This suggests that Macbeth is a timid, terrified, angry, regretful, apologetic and guilty because he was forced and controlled and unwillingly murdered King Duncan. Look ont again, I dare not is suggesting that hes physically trying to force himself to flash back in his mind what happened but he cant because hes scared. Ill go no more: I am afraid, to think what I have done suggests that hes scared because he killed his sort of father King Duncan who he always honoured and respected, however he unwillingly he killed King Duncan and so Macbeths main aim would be to get revenge on his wife because Macbeth ended up with a lot of bad feelings and didnt want to murder King Duncan at first but he was forced to do it by Lady Macbeth and she tricked Macbeth by saying stuff like youre a coward and your weak so that Macbeth gets offended and carry out the murder. Shakespeares uses a variety of techniques. The letter I gets repeated 4 times. The purpose of this is to tell the readers how Macbeth is feeling and no one else, another of its purpose is to show that Macbeth is saying it which he is saying is more exact and that no one else is saying it. Another technique that Shakespeare uses is rhetorical question, the purpose of this is to make Macbeth think what he done and thing in which he couldve done to no do etc. The last technique that Shakespeare uses is opinion; this is a great way to let people see how Macbeth feels during that event. In Shakespeares time people were scared of witches and potions; nowadays people arent scared of witches so if it happened in a modern time people wouldnt be that scared whereas if it happened in Shakespeares time the audience would find it frightening. Appearance would have a difference people nowadays would were a robe and a wizard hat to represent that theyre witches which would make easy for the audience to identify them. In olden times they wouldnt look like this, their would be more like a tramp style, they would look ugly and dirty and it would be much harder to identify who they are, the audience would think that they are beggars and nothing else. The appearance of women also has a big difference nowadays women wears bikini, bras, and skirts whereas in Shakespeares time women wore gowns and dresses. Men would dress as women in Shakespeares time because there were no women actors because they were weak to make a suggestion whereas if it happened in a modern time there would be women actors and they would have great power. Also in Shakespeares time black magic and unusual form of magic e.g. potions, vials would be more commonly used whereas nowadays they are hardly used. The speeches would have a huge difference compared to Shakespeares time, they would use very classic words and they would speak formally in Shakespeares time would speak formally instead of slang whereas nowadays slang is more commonly used to get our message across. The use of Technology would also have a massive difference nowadays if it happened in a theatre there would be sound effects, smoke effects, and lightning effects and so on to keep spectators entertained also the performers would have a great advantage to get their message across because of loud voice due to microphone usage. The theatre would be performed live so that people can watch it. If it happened in Shakespeares time there would be no use of technology meaning that no sound effects would be used other than instruments, the audience in Shakespeares time would find i t very difficult on what the performers were saying because there would be no microphone to extend their voice and so the performers voice wouldnt be that loud, this would make the performers difficult to get their message across and also the spectators would find it hard to hear what they were saying. The acting would also have a major difference if it happened in a modern time the performers would use machine guns, laser weapons rifles etc. Whereas if it happened in Shakespeares time the performers would use swords, knifes, bows, magic etc. In conclusion of this play, I think that the play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare is one of the greatest tragic dramas the world has ever encountered. Macbeth is my favourite drama play of all time and another thing that is attracting the readers is the writers use of dramatic techniques to convey his character to the audience. I really like this play due to fascination of kings and queens and most of all the witches, I would recommend this play to other people who have not read it before, it is BRILLIANT! I think that the main cause for Macbeths actions inside the play is because of the witches who played an important role in the play to try and convince Macbeth that what the witches were telling, was the truth but also his driving ambition to become king had an effect on him because all he could think of is to become king and this driven him to the driving seat. But not only was his driving ambition of becoming king was the main cause for Macbeths actions, it was also his ve ry ambitious wife who controlled her husband into killing Duncan to become king, she had the main event in her hands and that is when lady Macbeth persuaded Macbeth to murder King Duncan. I also think that Macbeth was really brave to go along and kill Duncan, and to eventually become king but also I think that he was very stupid and gullible to actually do this because at the end of the play he dies in a painful death and that is because of his driving ambition of becoming king, due to his wife and mainly the witches. Although Macbeth was a good and a well honourable man at the beginning (for example, he was called Brave Macbeth), he made one big mistake that put him in the worst situation. Right at the beginning he was well respect and honoured by his surroundings. But at the end because he killed King Duncan because he got persuaded due to his ambition, as well as being persuaded to do so by his wife, at the end Macbeth became very disrespectful, and became very cruel because he murdered anyone surrounded by him and because of this he died in a painful death. Macbeth says I will not be afraid of death and bane, Till Birnam forest come to dunsinane. This suggests tha t Macbeth is not afraid to die, also hes saying that is England and that is Scotland and so come and get me, to the warriors. I would personally say that Macbeth is a coward because he unwillingly killed King Duncan and also because he had a free will, he couldve chose the option to reject and to not kill King Duncan. And even though Macbeth had a free choice he didnt reject Lady Macbeths instructions, so I believe he is a coward. I think that Macbeth had changed because practically he showed great respect and treated King Duncan as if its his own father and he had good views of him. But he changed because eventually because he murdered King Duncan cowardly because he was controlled by his wife to do so despite Macbeth didnt want to but he followed her instruction to murder King Duncan. He changed because he killed his own beloved King Duncan when he didnt want to; this also suggests that Lady Macbeth had influence on Macbeth and that Lady Macbeth is sly and cunning. Macbeth had great power in the background but he couldnt make use of it to reject what Lady Macbeth instructed him to do. Macbeth was weaker a nd didnt have the courage to fight or argue back with his wife. It also suggests that Macbeth was a coward because he obeyed Lady Macbeths rule when he didnt want to.

A Minor Charater in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

A Minor Charater in Heart of Darkness Heart of Darkness is a novel in which many relatively minor characters serve major functions in the overall meaning of the work. One such character is Kurtz's Intended who starkly contrasts against Kurtz's evil to better show the evil and primal side of man. The Intended is the embodiment of man's denial of the truth of inner evil. In the painting of the Intended, her blindfold shows her blindness to the truth, symbolized by the torch she holds. The truth of man's evil is within her grasp, but yet she allows herself to be blinded so she cannot accept this to be true. She is in denial -- as far as she knows, if she can't see the evil or that it holds a penetrating presence, it does not exist to her. Ironically, however, Conrad describes the Intended as having "a shade of truthfulness upon [her] features." She is an innocent -- the word "halo" compounds that notion; however this too is ironic. She is only a person, just as capable of malevolence as anyone else, which is symbolized by the black she wears. Marlow only lies about Kurtz's life and death to spare the Intended the knowledge of what Kurtz had become -- a manifestation of raw human evil. Marlow is the blindfold that shields her from the truth that Kurtz fell to a natural inner compulsion towards iniquity, and that this inner evil exists everywhere. Because she denies the existence of an inner evil, the Intended is only as innocent as a human being can be. This innocence contrasts severely with Kurtz's own evil. This innocent girl was the fiancee of a murderer "demi-god" who decapitated people. She is the innocent side of the relationship, or the yang. She is pure, but with a spot of darkness being the potential for evil only because she is human. Kurtz is the dark side of the relationship, the yin. He is an "animated figure of death" who once was noble and innocent, like the fiancee. He went to Africa with good intentions, but was corrupted by unadulterated freedom. With no society to tell him how to act, he fell prey to his inner darkness.

Milton’s Satan in Paradise Lost

Critics abroad have argued about who the hero is of John Milton’s â€Å"Paradise Lost:† Satan, Adam or Christ, the Son? Since Milton’s overall theme stated in the opening lines of Book I is to relate ‘Man’s first disobedience’ and to ‘justify the ways of God to men’, Adam must be regarded as the main hero. John M. Steadman supports this view in an essay on â€Å"Paradise Lost:† â€Å"It is Adam’s action which constitutes the argument of the epic. Steadman continues: The Son and Satan embody heroic archetypes and that, through the interplay of the infernal and celestial strategies, Milton represents Satan’s plot against man and Christ’s resolution to save him as heroic enterprises. Christ and Satan are therefore epic machines. (268-272) Although Satan may be an epic machine, he is best portrayed as the tragic anti-hero of â€Å"Paradise Lost† or, at the very least, a main character who possesses the stature and attributes which enable him to achieve tragic status. In the Greek tradition, the essential components of tragedy are admiration, fear and pity for the ‘hero’, who has to display a tragic weakness or flaw in his character, which will lead to his downfall. It might be argued that the flaws in Satan’s character are such that we should feel no admiration, fear or pity for him, yet he can be seen to inspire these emotions. Satan’s tragic flaws are pointed out in Book I. They are envy, pride, and ambition towards self-glorification. Satan’s pride, in particular, is stressed throughout Paradise Lost. In accordance with epic convention, Satan is frequently qualified by Milton’s use of the word ‘proud’. Virgil used the same device in his epic the Aeneid, in which the name of Aeneas rarely appears without being preceded by ‘pious’. The most striking visual example of Satan’s main weaknesses appears in Book IV (89-90) during Raphael’s narrative to Adam regarding the battles in Heaven, Raphael refers to Satan as ‘the proud/Aspirer’. Proud’ at the end of one line and ‘Aspirer’ at the beginning of the next gives equal emphasis and impact to Satan’s pride and ambition and it is implied that, in Satan, the two characters are inseparable and of equal importance. Milton, in fact, defended his use of blank verse as a suitable vehicle for epic poetry, as opposed to the frequently favored heroic couplet. How then, does Satan inspire t he feelings of admiration, fear and pity necessary to a tragic figure? Milton was, undoubtedly, conscious that he was in danger of portraying Satan as too much of a heroic figure and made efforts to belittle im through the use of unflattering imagery, and by highlighting his less complimentary characteristics. Nonetheless, our emotions are still fired. Our first encounter with Satan and his rebel hosts occurs in Book I when they are recovering from the shock of having been expelled from heaven by the Son after three days of fighting the angels of God. Despite the defeat he has suffered, Satan gains our admiration by displaying resilience in quickly coming to terms with the change in his circumstances, in remustering his forces and organizing the building of his palace, Pandemonium. At the same time he demonstrates his determination not to be defeated and shows true qualities of leadership, persuasively arguing that there is still hope for battle and victory. Satan is convincing in his first speech to Beelzebub, his chief partner in crime, as he declares: What though the field be lost? All is not lost; the unconquerable will, And study of revenge, immortal hate, And courage never to submit or yield: And what is else not to be overcome? That glory never shall his wrath or might Extort from me. (I. 105-111) The language here is particularly powerful and the lines are extremely weighted, underlining Satan’s resolution. He similarly instills renewed resolve in his followers to challenge God and hope of regaining their former state, claiming that they are now better placed to contend because there is not fear of division in their own ranks (II. 11-42). He then gives his supporters the opportunity to speak their minds as to whether to engage in open warfare or in guile to achieve their end; although ultimately they agree the course of action he has pre-planned – that is, to introduce evil on Earth. Through Satan’s speech at the beginning of Book I, Milton emphasizes Satan’s self-glorification. Satan has no dread of being challenged in hell because he sees himself in the most dangerous position and the one to be most severely reprimanded by God. Satan is daring, which is best demonstrated when the resolve to send someone to investigate Earth has been taken and Satan offers to undertake the task. Milton diminishes Satan’s courage by points out that Satan stands forward with bravado and purely to gain personal glory for any success he might win. Yet, Satan does not volunteer immediately but is only undertaking what his followers are afraid to attempt. Milton’s suggestion is, however, supported by Satan’s speech itself, in which he states that he will go to Earth alone and defies any of his followers to accompany him in case they detract any of the hoped for acclaim from him. Satan’s courage is restored during Milton’s description of Satan’s journey through Chaos to Earth – in fact, the poet dedicates over 400 lines to such – (II. 629-1055) – and Satan’s exaggerated claims to his peers of the danger and difficulty of his enterprise when he returns to Hell in Book X after the seduction of Adam and Eve are not without some justification (X. 460-80). In Book IV (917-23) when the angels guarding Paradise confront Satan, Gabriel also belittles Satan by accusing him of being less valiant than his peers and less able to endure the pain of hell. There appears to be some inconsistency during this confrontation between Satan and the angels towards the end of Book IV. Having become even more steadfast in his determination to seduce Adam and Eve against God’s will and now directing his hatred against man also as a result of his envy of their happy state (IV. 502-35), it seems inconsistent that the next time he speaks, he is so sensitive to the taunts uttered by Zephon, Ithuriel and Gabriel. Although Satan’s scorn for the angels is still apparent, he stands ‘abashed’ and provides Gabriel with the means by which to insult him (IV. 888-90): â€Å"Lives there who loves his pain? Who would not, finding way, break loose from hell, Though thither doomed? † It is important that we believe in the Satan as portrayed in Books I and II: Milton’s argument depends upon that belief. Satan must be seen as being of sufficient stature to attempt God’s overthrow. If Satan is considered too weak, he can pose no threat to God or to Man and there would be no reason for Milton to ‘justify the ways of God to men’. Therefore, while making allowances for Satan’s arrogance in the opening Books of Paradise Lost, he does give the impression that he is ruling hell and it is not expedient to deliberate to what extent it is possible for Satan to succeed in his quest to corrupt God’s good works with evil. The very structure of Paradise Lost assists in creating the illusion of Satan’s power, since we first learn of the expulsion of Satan and his followers through the rebels themselves and it is not until much later when Raphael tells Adam of the wars in heaven in Books V and VI that we hear the ‘official’ version in which Satan emerges in a less favorable light. Stanley Fish in his essay, ‘The Harassed Reader in Paradise Lost,† argues that Satan possesses a form of heroism which is easy to admire because it is visible and flamboyant and that, on that basis, Satan’s attractiveness is only initial (Fish 189-190). B Rajan, on the other hand, writes: The heroic qualities which Satan brings to his mission, the fortitude, the steadfast hate, the implacable resolution, which is founded on despair, are qualities not to be imitated or admired. They are defiled by the evil to which they are consecrated’ (Rajan 190). Nonetheless, it is often Satan’s despair, which comes through more potently than his evil intentions. Satan’s bravado is most clearly evident in Books I and II when he is able to flaunt before his followers; by Book IV, his feeling of confidence and resolution shows signs of cracking, with Satan talking to himself he is revealing much about his inner torment and self-doubts. As his steadfastness wavers, some of his initial charisma also diminishes, as we become more aware of his ability to fall. This argument is reinforced by Milton’s physical description of Satan. In Books I and II, Satan appears an impressive figure, â€Å"In bulk as huge/As whom the fables name of monstrous size† (I. 196-7). He is conspicuous amongst his followers because of his size and his lustre, which, although faded, outshines that of his peers (I. 589-604). On closer examination, however, it emerges that, even in Book I, Milton has been careful to downgrade Satan. Milton states that Satan â€Å"stood like a tow’r’ and that his lustre was like the sun’s through mist. The first simile is bare and unqualified and, in essence, tells us nothing about Satan’s dimensions or his stance. A tower may be any size and of too wide a variety of constructions for the simile to be of any significance. The reference to Satan’s reduced brightness is a symbol of his fall from glory and failing strength; and is mentioned by Ithuriel and Zephon in Book IV when while maki ng fun of they suggest to Satan that his lack of lustre has made him almost unrecognizable. Our fear and pity for Satan can be considered together since they stem from the same cause. On one level, Satan can be regarded as pitiful as much as pitiable. Although it is undoubtedly not Milton’s intention, it is almost possible to view Satan throughout in the light of sympathetic pity, especially if we accept that Satan cannot be something other than what he is no matter how much he wrestles with hons constantly shifting and mounting in intensity, the dramatic individual grows, expands, developes to the point where, at the end of the drama, he looms upon the mind as a titanic personality infinitely richer that at the beginning. This dramatic personality in its manifold stages of actuation in as artistic creation. In essence Macbeth, like all other men, is inevitably bound to his humanity; the reason of order, as we have seen, determines his inescapable relationship to the natural and eternal law, compels inclination toward his proper act and end but provides him with a will capable of free choice, and obliges his discernment of good and evil.

Define and Discuss Organizational Culture as It Relates to HR Management

Healthcare settings is an upcoming recognized organization. As an organization that operates on multiple backgroung and culture nurses it requires a proper planning. therefore organization culture is established in all companies including healthcare settings to bring all workers to work together. organization culture is a shared belief with values,norms,mission and vision. human resource do reallyb plays an important role in maintaining and restoring the values of organization culture through their workers. (reference). Organization is aunit that holds workes together that works hand-in –hand. rganizationn culture is something of shared belief,norms,values,written or unwriiten rules of a organization. ( ). The concept of an organizational culture is to hold and teach their employees in teamwork. the concept of organizational culture also distinguish one organization to the other. for example nurses only wears white uniform and a nurses cap,but nowadays every different hospital s have their own badge logos,uniform colours with different tones to distinguish healthcare workers according to their beaurachy ranks. he concept of an organizational culture of a hospital to make one’s hospital the number 1 in their region,country or maybe in healthcare market. to sustain the organizational concept ,each organization has their own mission and vision and their core values. through this they can be recognized to be outstanding and different from other healthcare settings. for example the vision and mission of national university hospital practices â€Å"shaping medicine for the future†,†advancing health by intergrated clinical care,research and education†, and†teamwork,respect,integrity,compassion,excellence†. hey also do have a service slogan of†greet&smile,go the extra mile,delighted to serve,deliver with love†. throuh all this words it really encourages nurses to join and serve for this hospital. the organization makes sure this is all taken care by sending their newly recruited nurses for 2weeks orientation program which is also calls as induction program. this programe is very essential for a new staff to be introduced o the organizational culture. Internal factors that affect an organizational culture is the is essential for nurses to success because no one person has the full range of skills and knowledge. team player is attentive to the viewa and concers of others. by having no teamwork staffs tend to be selfish and culculative where it leads to â€Å" tidak apa attitude† leads to unstandard unproductive nurses. due to this customers will divert themselves to other hospital. the othe factor is no proper orientation to new nurses. nursing care is standard throuthout Singapore but nursing protocol and job scope is different according to different hospitals. for example in Gleneagles hospital nurses are allowed to take verbal order for iv medication but in nuh nurses are not suppose to take verbal orders for iv mications. o when new nurses are not orientate and different nursing care is given it becomes an issue and the standard drop as harming the organizational; culture. the other factor is old pioneer nurses refuses to go for upgrading courses as nnew nurses are with degrees and diploma and higher. the other factor is low slary icreament as low wages where leads to resighnation. the other factor no upgrading skills. The other factor is political. cabinets talks about increament but not granted. local trained nurses migrate and work overseas because good salary. The other factor is workload getting more and nurses less manpower. his leads to staff burnout to work extra hours and shift. but hospitals doen’t pay overtime but pay them do owing as tocut costs. Human resorce do play an important role in organizational culture. human resource recruit new nurses and sent them for proper training. human resource do sent staffs for induction programme and also for in house talks. they also update their nurses by sending circulars about hospital news,meetings and message from their ceo. human resource also do prepare an appraisal programme every end of years for nurses to get their increametns.

Free Essays on Identity Theft

Identity Theft In today’s society, there is a white-collar crime that has greatly risen in popularity among criminals. This crime is identity theft. Hundreds of thousands of people have their identities stolen each year. Identity theft is when these criminals obtain and use consumers personal information such as credit card numbers, bank account numbers, insurance information, and social security numbers to purchase goods or services fraudulently. According to the Federal Trade Commission, over 1.1 million people were the victim of identity theft. With this number, it is very evident that identity theft is one of the fastest growing crimes in our country. This paper will attempt to more thoroughly define identity theft. It will give examples of identity theft by examining the stories of Rosalie Pugliese and Mari Frank. It will show ways in which this very easily committed crime can be avoided, and in the extreme case that a person is a victim of identity fraud, to show the steps one can take to get their lives back on track. According to identityguard.com, identity theft is defined as, â€Å"when someone uses your name or personal information to open a credit account, take out a loan, or make a major purchase. And if they can do it once, they can do it repeatedly, using each new account as a reference for the next one. The result is that identity thieves can run up thousands of dollars worth of charges or obligations all in your name.† In our current society, since there have been a great deal of technological advances made, it is easier than ever for a common criminal to steal a social security number, a bank account number, or any other piece of information which could help a criminal gain access to ones personal finances. Identity thieves can retrieve vital information in many different ways. They can look through your trash at home or at work and retrieve a discarded bill, a piece of mail, or a credit application. ... Free Essays on Identity Theft Free Essays on Identity Theft The effects of the crime of identity theft are numerous. As our society continues to develop and our populations continue to explode, crime is a major concern. Our society is bombarded daily with shocking crime statistics that elude to the destruction of our morality; however, most law-abiding citizens feel reasonably safe from becoming a victim. Only in the last few years have we begun to recognize that crime can affect us personally, even if not physically. Originally, identity theft was considered a victimless crime since everything occurred on paper. However, â€Å"since September 11th, the entire country has been made aware of the impact that identity theft has on national security† (Primary Payment website). The tragedy of that day has increased our national skepticism and paranoia of others. Another effect of this rampant crime has been the development of expensive services offered by companies to help consumers protect themselves. â€Å"While some services are offered for free by financial institutions, others cost well over $100 a year† (Bergstein, p.B2). This new industry capitalizes on our fear. Their efforts include things such as monitoring credit reports, email alerts, professional help from identity theft experts, and insurance. The â€Å"services are marketed as salves for a growing problem† and create huge profit margins for these businesses (Bergstein p.B2). For example, the personal solutions unit at Equifax brought in $70 million in revenue in 2003 and is expected to contribute more than $100 million in 2004 (Bergstein p.B2). Consumer advocates â€Å"complain that identity theft protection services are being offered by companies that could do more to stop the problem in the first place† (Bergstein p.B2). A third effect resulting from this new crime has been the new legislation created to help protect victims and punish offenders. Our politicians have been forced to spend countless tax-dollars to create b... Free Essays on Identity Theft The Identity Thieves website last updated 2/19/01, told the story of Scott Clinton Gilbert, or at least someone who was believe to be â€Å"Robert Hartle†. As â€Å"Robert†, Scott was able to produce debts of more than $110,000, including bills for three pick up trucks, two motorcycles and a doublewide mobile home. If anyone was to question Scott on his identity of Robert Hartle he was more than prepared with a drivers license, Social Security card, and even a birth certificate. For quite some time Scott left the real â€Å"Robert Hartle† in a bit of a financial mess. Fortunately Scott’s â€Å"fraud spree† ended, leaving the true Robert free of all debts and credit charges. â€Å"But he that filches from me my good name/Robs me of that which not enriches him/And makes me poor indeed†- Shakespeare, Othello act iii, Sc. 3. Shakespeare was correct indeed, long before the time of the cashless society. Now it seems that almost everyone (especially here in the United States of America) has a credit card, Mac card, debit card, gift cards, I.D. cards, and a checking account with book and card. With all these plastic conviences, identity theft has become a common practice among thieves. â€Å"Stealing someone’s identity†, as the Identity Thieves website states, â€Å"to buy everything from cars to toys and leaving the real person’s credit rating in ruin may be the perfect crime because there is little that can be done to prosecute it†. This new identity crisis brings about a few serious questions; who owns who in this society, are we all really only what’s on a piece of plastic or paper, and what steps can we take t o assure this will not happen to us? First lets explore the thought or theory of â€Å" who owns who in this society†. Years ago we know that slavery was outlawed in the U.S.A., yet from time to time we see examples of it still going strong. In a vulgar sense we see the â€Å"pimp and hooker† as a form of slavery and o... Free Essays on Identity Theft Identity Theft In today’s society, there is a white-collar crime that has greatly risen in popularity among criminals. This crime is identity theft. Hundreds of thousands of people have their identities stolen each year. Identity theft is when these criminals obtain and use consumers personal information such as credit card numbers, bank account numbers, insurance information, and social security numbers to purchase goods or services fraudulently. According to the Federal Trade Commission, over 1.1 million people were the victim of identity theft. With this number, it is very evident that identity theft is one of the fastest growing crimes in our country. This paper will attempt to more thoroughly define identity theft. It will give examples of identity theft by examining the stories of Rosalie Pugliese and Mari Frank. It will show ways in which this very easily committed crime can be avoided, and in the extreme case that a person is a victim of identity fraud, to show the steps one can take to get their lives back on track. According to identityguard.com, identity theft is defined as, â€Å"when someone uses your name or personal information to open a credit account, take out a loan, or make a major purchase. And if they can do it once, they can do it repeatedly, using each new account as a reference for the next one. The result is that identity thieves can run up thousands of dollars worth of charges or obligations all in your name.† In our current society, since there have been a great deal of technological advances made, it is easier than ever for a common criminal to steal a social security number, a bank account number, or any other piece of information which could help a criminal gain access to ones personal finances. Identity thieves can retrieve vital information in many different ways. They can look through your trash at home or at work and retrieve a discarded bill, a piece of mail, or a credit application. ...

Beethovens 7th Symphony essays

Beethoven's 7th Symphony essays Beethoven's 7th Symphony First, a little history on why this piece is different than Beethoven's other Symphonies. After Beethoven's marathon concert of December 1808, which included the first performances of his Fifth and Sixth Symphonies, the city of Vienna was not to hear a new Beethoven symphony for some five years. The long-awaited Seventh was completed about May of 1812. The Seventh can be seen as Beethoven's atypical use of the wind instruments as a self-contained group in the orchestra, rather than as the amplifier of an essentially string-dominated texture or as a collection of soloists dependent upon string accompaniment. The special treatment of the wind plays as important role in the shaping of the work, although Beethoven's orchestra here is the same size as that of his first two symphonies, he can expand his material by setting large instrumental groups against each other. In the Vivace itself, which is in sonata form, the normal roles of string and wind are sometimes actually reversed, so that (for example) it is the wind - and led by the flute rather than, more conventionally, by the trumpet - which gets to play the opening statement of the first subject. The second movement's rhythm, its ABA form (modified, and with a coda recalling both elements) and its tonal organization (the B section is in the parallel key of A major and gives prominence to the wind) each underscore its relationship to the somber processional march of the early 19th century. Though the form of scherzo, ABABA', has become standard in this Beethoven symphony, it's remote key relation between the principal section and the t rio (F major - D major) was something new; what is more, Beethoven emphasizes the tonal distance between them by basic differences in tempo, phrase construction and the use of the orchestra. Then he bound together these two seemingly irreconcilable musical entities. As a result, Beethoven is able not only to reinforce the forti...

Compare and Contrast

Compare and Contrast Compare and Contrast Compare and Contrast By Maeve Maddox Jay asks â€Å"Compare with† = contrast; What are the circumstances by which one would use contrast as the verb instead? In general use, such as in writing a compare/contrast essay, compare means find the similarities and contrast means find the differences. Definitions from the OED: compare:. trans. To speak of or represent as similar; to liken. contrast: To set in opposition in order to show strikingly their different qualities or characteristics, and compare their superiorities or defects. Compare derives from Latin comparare to liken, to compare. Contrast derives from Latin contra, against plus stare, to stand. In Middle English the word was used in the literal sense to withstand or fight against as in battle. The word fell out of use until the end of the 17th century when it was reintroduced as an art term meaning to place in such juxtaposition as to bring strongly out differences of form, colour, etc., and thus to produce a striking effect. For differences in meaning between compare to and compare with, see Compared to or Compared with. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:45 Synonyms for â€Å"Food†Taser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?Quiet or Quite?

United States v. Martha Stewart Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

United States v. Martha Stewart - Case Study Example Prior to and in course of the case proceedings, Martha Stewart was the chairperson of the board of directors and chief executive officer of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia. Peter Bacanovic on the other hand was licensed by NASD to sell securities as a securities broker with the title "Financial Advisor" at Merrill Lynch & Co, Inc. ImClone systems is a biotechnology company in the US whose then-chief executive officer, Samuel Waksal, was Stewart's friend and a client of Stewart's stockbroker, defendant Peter Bacanovic. Subject to the cases on December 25, 2001, ImClone and Martha Stewart learned of the food and drug administration rejection of ImClone application for approval of Erbitux and announced the rejection of the application on December 28, 2001 after ImClone Chairperson December 27, 2001, sale of 3,928 shares of stock (FindLaw, 2012). This move and announcement prompted the Securities and Exchange Commission and the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York to start investigations into trading treads of ImClone especially the sale of the stock before the announcement of application rejection on Erbitux to the public. The investigations led to the indictment of Martha Stewart and Peter Bacanovic.

Cultural Diversity in the Nursing Profession Essay

Cultural Diversity in the Nursing Profession - Essay Example There has been in fact a rising practice of what has been termed as "medical tourism" because of the rise in number of people getting more health conscious, seeking alternative ways of improving one's health. The American Nursing Association (ANA) recognizes the vital role knowledge on cultural diversity plays at all levels of nursing practice. When dealing with patients, nurses involve themselves in an interaction of 3 cultural systems: (1) the culture of the nurse; (2) the culture of the client; (3) the culture of the setting. This happens because the nursing profession has gone global, involving health care delivery by people of varied nationality and various cultures (ANA, 1991). With the growing global population composed of multi-cultural oriented people, an ethnocentric approach to nursing practice is no longer advisable. Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to all others. This belief is common to all cultural groups; all groups regard their own culture as not only the best but also the correct, moral, and only way of life (ANA, 1991). Thus, it is important for nurses to understand various cultures as part of their training. ... e 2008 Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life survey on religious landscape of the United States shows that religious affiliation of the people in the US "are very diverse and fluid" (Pew Forum, 2008). This has significant implication on the nursing profession with religion as a vital component of culture. There are various religious groups around the world. Of particular interest is the Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) in the Philippines which comprise almost 3% of the total population (NSO, 1990). Founded in 1914 by Felix Manalo, INC considers itself the "true" Filipino church (Harper, 2001). Among the doctrines it preaches to its members are: (a) there is only one God (as opposed to Christianity's Trinitarian view) and that Jesus Christ is a created being; (b) salvation is dependent on church membership, baptism and works; (c) its founder, Felix Manalo, is regarded as the "angel from the East" (mentioned in Revelation 7) sent by God bringing the final message. From only four ministers and 12 disciples when it was founded on the eve of the World War I, membership grew steadily and by the 1950s, the church was recruiting from 10,000 to 15,000 converts a year. The 1990 Census of Population and Housing places the number of Iglesia members at 1.4 million, three times more than its membership in 1970 (Mangahas, 2002). The INC has members among overseas Filipinos as well and says it has churches in 66 countries, including 39 in the United States, 23 in Asia, 15 in Europe, 11 in Australia and Oceania, and eight in Africa (Mangahas and Olarte, 2002). Over the years, the INC's business interests have grown. A search at the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission showed that INC leaders are incorporators and board directors in companies engaged in education; medical care,

Recent research (Kornberger et al, 2010) suggests that despite a Essay

Recent research (Kornberger et al, 2010) suggests that despite a number of initiatives, the proportion of women accountants reac - Essay Example Nonetheless, despite the presence of many women one perceives one of the most glaring contradictions of the contemporary period – as women outnumber men in the universities and continuously demonstrate their abilities and skills in undertaking productive labour, extremely few women have made it in the higher echelon of management (Baron & Newman, 1980; Castilla, 2008; Reskin, 1988; Valian, 1998). Although this truism is manifested in, almost all segments of the labour sector, its actuality is clear and evident in the profession of accounting. In a study, Kornberger, Carter and Ross-Smith (2010) have found out that despite a number of initiatives in removing the underrepresentation of women accountants in the upper strata of firms, the proportion of women accountants reaching partner level remains much lower than other levels in the firm. Recognising the prevalence of discrimination in the profession of accounting (Gherardi & Pogio, 2007; Kornberger et al., 2010; Lehmann, 1992) , this study will evaluate the various factors deemed to impede the advancement of women accountants and minority groups. ... The first part is the introduction wherein the issue of the research, purpose of the study, the significance of the research, the methodology use in the study, the structure of the paper and the hope of the researcher are laid down. The next part will deal with the barriers that inhibit women’s progress in the accounting profession, while in the third segment; possible solutions will be proffered to address the issue. Finally, the fourth section will be the conclusion of the study. In the end, it is the hope of the researcher that this study may contribute to the clarification of the issues raised in the research and, in a way, offer workable solutions to gender inequality in the profession of accounting. The Alienating Factors Accounting as a profession responds to the challenges posed by the global society (Shafer, Ketchand & Morris, 2004). The responses are not limited only in coming up with conceptual frameworks that will further empower the clients and the public, especia lly after the global economic downturn. It also includes the endeavour of connecting the theoretical frameworks of accounting with reality, thus addressing not only the fundamental epistemological and methodological issues of the field but also its socio-political and economic concerns (Brewster, 2003; Nelson, 1995; Shafer, Ketchand & Morris, 2004). This thrust is significant as it counters the notion that accounting is neutral, objective and that its service is primarily to the client only (Carter, Clegg & Kornberger, 2010). It is in the context of change and challenges that the alienating factors hindering the advancement of women in the profession is highlighted (Gallhofer, 1998). Women’s struggle for emancipation is long and arduous (Firestone, 1972; Tong,

Infrastructure Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Infrastructure Development - Assignment Example The flow, pressure, velocity and other properties remains unchanged in laminar flow. Laminar flow taking place over a horizontal surface may actually be taken to consist of laminae which are parallel to one another. The fluid that is in contact with the horizontal surface is definitely stationary, but the other layers are constantly sliding over each other. When a gas or liquid flows through a path or point, there are different parameters related to the fluid flow, thus certain parameters may vary while others may be relatively constant. The two common features of fluid flow are fluid particles pressure, velocity and element of the fluid in regard to the point that is being considered. Fluid flow can therefore be classified in various patterns that are based on flow parameters variation in relation to time and distance. By its definition, for a uniform flow to occur, the cross-sectional area should basically be constant. A good example is liquid flowing thorough a pipe of constant diameter. On the other hand, flow of a liquid through a pipeline having variable diameter would therefore be called non-uniform. In fluid mechanics, Reynold’s Number refers to a dimensionless number that is very important in designing a model of system in which the viscosity effect is very critical as far as controlling the fluid pattern flow or velocities are concerned. It is symbolized as NRe, and is also referred to as Damkà ¶hler number V (DaV). It has been noted that pressure and velocity as well as other fluid flow properties can time functions. If a fluid flow is in such a way that the properties at all points of flow are not dependent on time, it is then referred to as a steady flow. Speaking in mathematical terms, non-steady or unsteady flows are the flow properties are not dependent on time. The formulae are derived from the related mathematical equation when water is permitted to flow in

Geomorphology Lab 5 Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Geomorphology 5 - Lab Report Example us solution while EC measures the degree to which a solution carries an electric current, calculated as the ratio of the current density in the material to the electric field that causes the flow of current. Consequently, the complex nature of the variability calls for a study, which can provide a succinct explanation to the basis of this phenomenon. Data analysis was an important aspect in testing the hypotheses. In which case, data was collected for ph and EC for the different sites and tabulated. The data was then analyzed from drawing graphs for the different variables: pH vs EC, pH vs. site, EC vs. site. This allowed for testing relationship between stream chemistry and position besides testing that between pH and electrical conductivity. Water samples were collected from specified sites: Clarks River, 2: Bee Creek, 3: MCP unnamed trib. In SedSoilHuman Lab, lab Ph meter and EC meter were calibrated. Ph and EC on the water samples were measured. The results show that change in position contributes to the change in stream chemistry (ph and EC). This can be contributed to external factors such as pollutants, surface runoff and soil erosion. These factors vary within a river basin from one point to another. For instance, both factors affect the availability of ions at a given point. Soil erosion carry with it ions from one point to another so do pollutants add ions to their area of destination (Rajvaidya 45). In which case, increase in ions leads to increase in electrical conductivity of a solution (stream) while it leads to reduction in

Risk Management and Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Risk Management and Investment - Essay Example Barclays has been able to acquire assets of the most competitive banks such as the Absa Group Limited in South Africa and bought about 54% of Juniper Bank (Davidoff 2012, p.42). On the other hand, Standard bank acquired Union Bank of Pakistan taking more than 81% of its assets. This strategy is not only aimed at perpetuating return on investment but also increasing the competitive advantage of the bank. Barclays bank has however been through some of the most difficult moments since its inception. In 2011, the bank suffered a loss of about 1.04 billion pounds (Treanor 2012, p. 4). This loss prompted the company to take objective measures aimed at minimizing the cost of operation. Between 2011 to-date, the bank cut more than 6,700 jobs as a way of addressing its challenges. Currently, market capitalization stands at about 54.75 billion. The dividends and earning per share have been dwindling since 2007 (Shankleman 2009, p.78). The management understands the role played by such factors as far as attracting investors and customers is concerned. This explains why the management has maintained its dividends at 6.50p and EPS at 34.50p despite the financial challenges. Risk management factors such as a focus on return on investment, customer satisfaction, leadership, and cutting on the cost of operation will be imperative. This will enable the bank to realize its objectives and become one of the most performing financial institutions in the world.The Barclays bank is one of the oldest of all banks that still stands strong. It has among the top 10 most active and performing banks in the world. Founded in 1690, the bank has subsidiaries in about 50 countries worldwide (Werdigier 2007, p.61). The old mutual on the other hand commenced its operations in 1845, making it one of the oldest financial institutions in Africa. With its headquarters in London, the Standard Bank serves more than 70 countries worldwide and millions of customers. On the other hand, Barclays Bank empl oyed thousands of professionals throughout the world to provide services to its more than 48 million customers.

Geomorphology Lab 5 Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Geomorphology 5 - Lab Report Example us solution while EC measures the degree to which a solution carries an electric current, calculated as the ratio of the current density in the material to the electric field that causes the flow of current. Consequently, the complex nature of the variability calls for a study, which can provide a succinct explanation to the basis of this phenomenon. Data analysis was an important aspect in testing the hypotheses. In which case, data was collected for ph and EC for the different sites and tabulated. The data was then analyzed from drawing graphs for the different variables: pH vs EC, pH vs. site, EC vs. site. This allowed for testing relationship between stream chemistry and position besides testing that between pH and electrical conductivity. Water samples were collected from specified sites: Clarks River, 2: Bee Creek, 3: MCP unnamed trib. In SedSoilHuman Lab, lab Ph meter and EC meter were calibrated. Ph and EC on the water samples were measured. The results show that change in position contributes to the change in stream chemistry (ph and EC). This can be contributed to external factors such as pollutants, surface runoff and soil erosion. These factors vary within a river basin from one point to another. For instance, both factors affect the availability of ions at a given point. Soil erosion carry with it ions from one point to another so do pollutants add ions to their area of destination (Rajvaidya 45). In which case, increase in ions leads to increase in electrical conductivity of a solution (stream) while it leads to reduction in

What are the chief problems your sickness has caused for you Research Paper

What are the chief problems your sickness has caused for you - Research Paper Example What are the chief problems your sickness has caused for you? The question chosen is following: â€Å"What are the chief problems your sickness has caused for you?† The subject was a 55 – year – old, homeless Hispanic man with no knowledge of English language. At the time of the interview, the subject was living underneath the overpass of the Florida Turnpike and Kendall Drive. The subject agreed to an anonymous interview. As a result, the subject visited the West Kendall Hospital a few days ago, where he was given an intravenous therapy and a medication prescription. The subject’s illness has eliminated his ability to work every day. Due to his irregular and small income, the subject could not afford the medication. Moreover, the subject drinks on a daily basis. The subject relies on God for healing, and has decided not to get another prescription.    The subject’s response to modern medicine is similar to the one of the Lee family. The subject refused to return to the hospital because of religious beliefs and lack of money for prescription arising from his sickness. Lia’s parents refused to treat her because of their cultural beliefs. However, the medical community too failed as unprejudiced healers, who did not provide a Hmong cultural mediator, and failed to remove themselves from moral hegemony. Effects of culture on our daily lives have been of concern to anthropologists for decades. According to Geertz, culture is â€Å"a set of control mechanisms –plans, recipes, rules †¦ for the governing of behavior†.... t the Merced Community Medical Center (MCMC): I don’t think the mom and dad ever truly understood the connection between a seizure and what it did to the brain †¦ My general impression was that they really felt we were all an intrusion and that if they could just do what they thought best for their child, that child would be fine. (Fadiman, 1997, p. 48) As can be seen from the above statement, Fadiman presented the medical case of Lia alongside cultural relativism. In her book, Fadiman treats cultural relativism from an epistemiological viewpoint. According to Barnard (2000), cultural relativists argue that â€Å"culture regulates the way human beings perceive the world† (p. 99).  Moreover, epistemological relativism dictates that generalizable cultural patterns do not exist (Barnard, 2000, p. 100).  Dan Murphy, a resident at MCMC, stated the latter fact eloquently: And the other thing that was different between them and me was that they seemed to accept things that to me were major catastrophes as part of the normal flow of life. For them, the crisis was the treatment, not the epilepsy. (Fadiman, 1997, p. 53). Similarly, the subject was not assisted properly at the hospital. His religious beliefs were not addressed. Instead, the prescription was handed to him with no regard for what he would do next, regardless of his financial status. Secondly, the subject was not aware of the name of his illness, meaning that nobody provided a mediator to explain his condition to him in words he would understand. Thirdly, just as in case of the Lee family, it can be assumed doctors felt morally superior to the patient, who drinks on a daily basis. Thus, Fadiman’s insight into what to do to as cultural mediators when seeking to bridge differences is the key aspect when

What Are Unstructured And Structured Interviews Business Essay

What Are Unstructured And Structured Interviews Business Essay Before constructing business plans, it is important to probe the external environment. This takes the form of a SLEPT analysis, i.e. an investigation of the Social, Legal, Economic, Political, and Technological influences on a business. In addition it is also important to be aware of the actions of competitors. Economic changes are strictly related to social activities. Its changes that affect business include changes in the interest rate, wage rates, and the rate of inflation (i.e. general level of increase in prices). Businesses will be more encouraged to expand and take risks when economic conditions are right, e.g. low interest rates and rising demand. As conclusion, if economic changes happen to an organization, possibility it will increase or decrease quantities of manpower and cut cost / expand of overhead or expenses based on the current economic change. Workforce Changes To certify that changes are successful, organizations need to grow a workforce proficient at handling change in whatever practice it precedes. This undertaking requires not only understanding and fostering effective behaviours and attitudes, but also developing a wide-ranging organizational process infusing change agility throughout the company. A system ensuring the right organizational structures is in place and that individuals have the capabilities required at each level. Once top management provides the vision on what change is needed, the organization must then set out to develop and execute a change management plan and engage their workforce in the process. It able to evaluates the change effectiveness skills and abilities of employees by analysing the specific behaviours and characteristics needed to improve on the situation. For an example, the organisation develop Research Development department to check, analyse and provide the significant improvement for the particular changes. Question 1: The Human Resource managers job is a challenging task and requires certain proficiencies for success. Briefly explain these proficiencies which are important for a HR managers success. (10 marks) HR Proficiency: It is covered on employee recruitment, selection, training compensation on this proficiency. Business Proficiency: Human Resource Manager is responsible to assist top management for framing strategies. HR manager should be aware with strategic on planning, marketing, finance production. That knowledge will help top management to formulate new strategies for the company in term of return on investment. Leadership Proficiency: HR Manager should possess Leadership Quality. They need to have the ability to control and manage the workforce toward a specific vision. HR managers need to capture on the latest changes and lead the team as it permits. Learning Proficiency: Technologies are changing rapidly; HR manager must learn new things and need to be updated as time passes. Learning proficiency will help to manage with this changing of environment. It is good for control and provides practice for the workforce in an effective way. Question 2: Explain and illustrate the basic ways to classify selection interviews. Briefly explain how structured interviews, regardless of content, are more valid than unstructured interviews for predicting job performance? (15 marks) What are unstructured and structured interviews? Interviews can be structured or unstructured. Unstructured interview is an interviewing technique whereby the conversation can be via video call or in relaxing conversation and the questions are not specifically set. The conversation question is depending on how each individual responds. Therefore, interviewer might engage the wrong candidate determined based on unclear impressions. As conclusion, an unstructured interview is might be incur time consuming and because the information gathered from all the candidates is different, it is difficult to have a ground for comparison which is effects on reliability and validity. Structured interviews are reliable and valid structured behavioral-interviews in line with international best practice. It is involve questions which are set out and followed thoroughly. Every candidate is presented with the same questions and this ensures that each respondent has had the opportunity to reply for each question. Structured interviews have higher predictive validity. As conclusion, asking every candidate with the standardized questions and taking down relevant notes during the process can also improve validity and reliability of the interview. Structured interviews are better at predicting job performance if they are appropriately and thoroughly based on job analysis and trained interviewers are used. Structured interviews assume that intentions and actual behaviors are strongly linked. Structured interviews can also involve multiple interviewers and use well-defined rating scales with specific rating procedures. Question 2: In your opinion, can companies do without a detailed job descriptions? Defend your answer. (10 marks) Job description is a detailed list of specific duties and tasks in a company and achieve in the specific objectives. We must have a job description in the company or in an organization. Job Analysis to identify job duties, responsibilities, equipment used, work relationships and work environment. A draft of the identified job duties, responsibilities, equipment, relationships, and work environment would be reviewed with the supervisor for accuracy. The Job Analyst would then prepare a job description and/or job specifications for the workforce carry out the specific duties. It is important to create and achieve teamwork spirit in a company. Question 3: Description the reasons on the importance of new employee orientation. What are some benefits of properly conducted orientation programme to an organisation? (15 marks) THE IMPORTANCE OF NEW EMPLOYEE ORIENTATION Orientation is an introductory or preliminaries stage in the process of new employee adaptation and a part of continuous socialization process in an organization. These are the advantages to conduct a new staff orientation programme:- It allows new staff members to have a clear understanding of the organization, positions and the community. It is a good start and providing appropriate background to new staff members will do a good job over the long term and stay longer with the organization. It makes life easier for new staff members in the organization by eliminating unnecessary troubles. It encloses the new staff member into an existing social structure and helping them bond with others, at the same time helping to improve the organizational It formally welcomes new staff to the organization and ensure them have support for done a better performance. By making staff knowledgeable and well-prepared, it able to develop the organizations reputation and lead the community for better achievement. Question 3: b) In your opinion, can job rotation be the best training method to use for developing management trainees, in a bank? Defend your answer. (10 marks) Job rotation is a management technique that assigns trainees to different jobs and departments over a period. Surveys show that an increasing number of banks are using job rotation to train employees. Job rotation able to control or detect errors and frauds. It reduces the risk of collusion between individuals. Organizations dealing with sensitive information or system in a bank where there is an opportunity for personal gain can benefit by job rotation. Job rotation also helps bank continuity as multiple people are equally equipped to perform a job function. If an employee is unavailable other staffs able handle that position with similar efficiency. PART B MINI CASE STUDY Carefully read the news article below and then answer question 4 at the end of the article: Enterprise ICT industry reactions to Malaysias Budget 2013 ComputerWorld, Malaysia By AvantiKumar | Oct. 1, 2012 Addressing the talent gap On the issue of knowledgeable, creative and innovative human capital, training programmes will be developed to hone new skills in line with future needs of industry in a high-income and developed economy. For this purpose, RM3.7 billion [US$1.21 billion] will be allocated in 2013 to train students in technical and vocational fields, said Najib. He said the government would establish the Graduate Employability Taskforce with an allocation of RM200 million [US$65.38 million] to strengthen employability of unemployed graduates under Graduate Employability Blueprint by end-2012. The government will allocate RM440 million [US$143.84 million] to the Skills Development Fund Corporation (PTPK), to provide loans for trainees to undergo skills training, he said. HP Enterprise Group, South East Asia (SEA) vice president and acting general manager HP Malaysia managing director Narinder Kapoor noted the Governments continued and expanded focus on talent and human capital development. Incentives provided under Budget 2013, such as reducing the cost of learning, enhancing teaching skills in core subjects through the Higher Order Thinking Skills approach, the New Entrepreneur Foundation and the Graduate Employability Blueprint will not only help develop an entrepreneurial spirit, but also set the foundation and churn out more knowledge-based workers. Developing a bigger pool of local ICT talent with the right set of hard and soft skills that meet industry expectations will certainly help enhance Malaysias global competitiveness, said Kapoor. While the education sector focuses on improving proficiency in core subjects, more concerted efforts are needed at higher learning institutes to include course that focus on sub-specialisation within the ICT industry. Developing the right talent and human capital in ICT becomes even more important now as Digital Malaysia initiative targets to create more than 160,000 high-value jobs by the year 2020. Microsoft Malaysias managing director Ananth Lazarus commended the Malaysian governments financial prudence while remaining focused on the importance of transforming education and improving the quality of daily life. However, Microsoft Malaysia believes that more could be done to leverage ICT to achieve these goals and commits itself towards transforming Malaysia together into a high-income and developed nation, said Lazarus. It is clear that the government places a premium priority on securing the future success of the nation with more than RM41 billion [US$13.40 billion] along with various tax incentives and other allocations committed to improving the quality of education in the country. We certainly laud the governments commitment to transforming education by lending the necessary budgetary commitment to meet the aspirations outlined in the recently announced National Education Blueprint. At the same time, the governments incentives towards leveraging intellectual property appear to signal the countrys recognition that it needs to move up the value chain, he said. This is certainly a step in the right direction in achieving the countrys aspiration to become a high-income nation, said Lazarus. Autodesk Malaysia country manager Tan Choon Sang (CS Tan) said the increased encouragement to use green technology was welcomed. [In addition] in order to raise Malaysias position as a competitive market, skill-sets need to be well aligned and in order for this, the industry needs to produce a quality workforce with the right skills such as those through our Autodesk Education Community. A talented local workforce is essential to meet the current needs of a growing economy, and the future needs of a high-income and developed nation. We continue to support the governments efforts to look at human capital development holistically, with initiatives and incentives to retain top talent and develop fresh talent that are essential for the nation to remain competitive regionally and globally, said Dell Global Business Center, Cyberjaya, managing director, Pang Yee Beng. [In addition], Malaysia is a strategic country for human resources for Dell, and we place huge emphasis and investment on a people-focused strategy and talent development said Pang. We continue to support the Government in building a pool of knowledgeable, creative and innovative workforce. To this end, we have recently launched the Dell Malaysia University [DMU] that offers industry recognised certifications and degrees in collaboration with local and foreign universities, professional bodies and institutions of higher learning. Extracted source: http://www.computerworld.com.my/tech/industries/enterprise-ict-industryreactions-to-malaysias-budget-2013/?page=3 Question 4: What is your general reaction on the Malaysias Budget 2013 in terms of training and development? Justify your answer. (10 marks) Training and development is referred to the practice of providing training, working platform, coaching, monitoring, and learning chances to employees to inspire and motivate them to carry out their job functions of that position to the best level and within standards set by the organization. It may also enhance and achieve the Continuous Quality Improvement Section. On my opinion for reaction on the Malaysias Budget 2013, there are the following ways systems of care principles and values might be evident in training, development, and human resources in our community: Staff members such as children, youth and families as priorities within the community. It has set into a system of care. Life experience is considered an important fact within the systems of care. Based on the systems of care principles into training, development, and human resources functions, it able to identify the changes and ensure the progress of improvement. A culturally, linguistically, and ethnically diverse and competent staff is evident in training, development and human resources activities. Ongoing training and development occurs across all systems of care partners to enhance performance of interagency teams. Question 4: b) If you are the HR manager of your organisation, what would be the important criteria in recruiting and selecting of a potential talented candidate that you would recommend to include in Graduate Employability Blueprint that (going to) offers by the government? Discuss in detail the reason(s) for the criteria you set forward are crucial for new and unemployed graduate in Malaysia. (15 marks) In preliminary stage, HR Manager should set out job analysis and job description for recruiting purpose. It may go through advertise from local media such as Job Street, newspaper or TV channel. On selection potential talented candidate, HR Manager will take consideration on education qualification, working experience, personal skills etc. HR Manager will select suitable candidate via structured interview and eliminate wrongly recruitment. On my opinion, for new or unemployed graduate, they should allocated themselves in term of knowledge, courage, good learning attitude to attempt new challenge and well-prepared before making decision or provide solution to others.

Characterization in The Sailor Who Fell From Grace with the Sea and Won

Characterization in The Sailor Who Fell From Grace with the Sea and Wonderful Fool      Ã‚  Ã‚   The literary technique of characterization is often used to create and delineate a human character in a work of literature. When forming a character, writers can use many different methods of characterization. However, there is one method of characterization that speaks volumes about the character and requires no more than a single word - the character's personal name. In many cases, a personal name describes the character by associating him with a certain type of people or with a well known historical figure. Therefore, since the reader learns the character's name first, a personal name is a primary method of characterization; it creates an image in the reader's mind that corresponds with the name of the character. Once this image has been created, all subsequent actions and beliefs of the character are somehow in accordance with this image; otherwise, the character does not seem logical and the reader is not be able to relate to the work. In the novels The Sailor Who Fell From Grace with the Sea, by Yukio Mishima, and Wonderful Fool, by Shusako Endo, each author gives one of his characters a personal name that guides the character's actions and beliefs.    Noboru, the name assigned to a 13 year old child in Mishima's novel The Sailor Who Fell From Grace with the Sea means little boy in Japanese (Honda). By naming this major character Noboru, Mishima has characterized him as nothing more than a little boy. Consequently, Noboru's actions and beliefs are typical of the actions and beliefs of a small child.    Noboru's actions are the first to show the effects of his name. When Noboru discovers a peephol... ... be translated from Japanese to English. Due to cultural barriers, those who read the translated versions of the novels fail to see the importance of names like Noboru and Tomoe, and the impact that these names have on the rest of the work. Consequently, some of the literary value of the novels is lost in the translation. By using personal names as primary sources of characterization, Endo and Mishima offer a concluding suggestion that, whenever possible, it is best to read works of literature in the language in which they were originally written.    WORKS CITED †¢ Endo, Shusako. Wonderful Fool. Trans. Francis Mathy. Chester Springs: Peter Owen Publishers, 1995. †¢ Honda, Yoriko. Telephone Interview. 23 January 1997. †¢ Mishima, Yukio. The Sailor Who Fell from Grace with the Sea. Trans. John Nathan. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1965.   

Essay --

The United State of America is a faced with the daunting task of defending itself from both conventional and nonconventional threats. Countries like China, Russia, and Iran are at the forefront of conducting multiple aspects of intelligence operations/collections within American boarders. These operations pose a grave danger to national security and foreign policy. This paper will analyze the structure, capabilities, and intent of Chinese, Russian, and Iranian intelligence services. By doing so, it will highlight why Russia is the one country that poses the greatest to both American interest and national security. Chinese (PRC) intelligence services are structured in a fashion that is similar to most countries. There is a divide between civilian and military intelligence agencies. Currently, they are capable of conducting HUMINT, SIGINT, OSINT, and cyber operations. The Chinese use HUMINT operations in the Unites States as a means to collect technical data. China will utilize students, diplomats, businessmen, and scientists to gain information. (Pike 1997) China has more than 64,000 personnel in the United States that are activity collect information for the Chinese government. Due to the sheer aggressiveness nature of their unsophisticated HUMINT collection program, they were able to obtain mid to high level technologies. China’s has the largest SIGINT capability of in nation in the Asia region. They are capable of monitoring signals from Russia, Taiwan, and U.S military forces located in the area. In addition to land based platforms, China has a fleet of naval vessels that are capab le of collecting signals intelligence and their primary use is to monitor U.S. military operations in the Pacific region. (Pike 1997) The PRC has... ...led on your computer personal information can be encrypted and sent to servers located in Russia. This sophistocation is what ranks Russia as the number one country that poses the greatest threat to national security. (Shachtman 2012) Russia, China, and Iran all have intelligence capabilities. However, after srutenizing there intelligence capabilities on an individual basis, Russia is ranked number one while China and Iran follow in order. Russia’s ability to collect on the United States of America exceeds other countries because of its’ SIGINT, HUMINT, and cyber operation are being evolved on a continual basis. Russia, currently has naval, air, and land assets that can collect anywhere in the world. Additionally, Russia has the second largest space program, that includes spy satellites that are capable of collecting on the United States and other countries.

Leagility in supply chain

What is â€Å"leagility† in supply chain design?In a supply chain analysis of an appliance manufacturer, application of leagility concept led to significant benefits of the company's performance.   The company is based in Thailand whose factory is located in capital Bangkok (Banomyong & Supatn).   The current problem of the firm is accumulated in its reverse logistics (e.g. managing returned products) being threefold; namely, excessive transportation costs, damaged products and slow customer response.   The current system requires customers to travel from their homes to the retailer stores where they bought the firm's products.   Retailers will then transport the returned products to the Bangkok factory or in some cases even have to forward first to distribution/ service center before actual repair in Bangkok factory.   When repaired, the products are sent to customers, however, in retail stores only so they have to travel to claim.With the application of leagility, creating service shops in retail stores serve as decoupling points to manage customer demand volatility efficiently.   These services shops will be supplied by Bangkok factory with sufficient parts for the former to address simple defects and needed repairs.   Bangkok factory will only accept complex problems that do not require immediate action.   With the presence of leagility, the reverse logistics of the firm eliminate the three problems cited above.   It is able to prevent excessive transportation because service shops can serve as direct access of customers to Bangkok factory capabilities.   Less travel is required that can prevent damaging the products.   Lastly, customer satisfaction is increased because the response is faster while their need to â€Å"come-back† is minimized due to ready service.Leagility is derived from the word leagile.   The term is first defined by Naylor et al (1999) which means the mixture of lean and agile capabilities in the sup ply chain design.   Managing the decoupling point is the crucial aspect of leagile with the objective of responding to a fluctuating demand at one end and its scheduling on the other.   When strategic decoupling plan is implemented, it is possible to respond to abrupt market needs in an agile way while also carrying an ability to postpone or being lean to achieve efficiency.   De-coupling manages the difference between orders and forecasts.   Leagility is a combination of leanness and agility.The former emphasized on reduction of cost and waste and profit maximization through a level schedule.   The latter is inclined with flexible service and profit maximization through understanding customer requirements efficiently.   Leagility is achieved when these value-creating activities are present; namely, just-in-time (JIT), quality improvement, IT upgrades, lot-size minimization (i.e. less scrap and faster response time), system integration and global optimization.Other autho rs defined leagility as a hybrid strategy between lean and agile supply chain.   Being agile is the use of market knowledge and virtual business to manage fluctuations in demand while leanness is the use of value stream where waste and time are reduced and level schedule is obtained.   In their definition, decoupling point is clearer.   Decoupling point is the part of the supply chain in which customers can interfere and take part through the chain design.The point serves as signal to the firm about demand that can guide the forecasts/ Kanban system.   With the use of decoupling, inventories are managed on a stable level that has cost efficiency implications.   The combined features of agile and lean supply chains led to inherent characteristics of leagile supply chain.   These include volatile and unpredictable market demand, medium productivity variety, short product life cycle, service level customer performance, moderate profit margins, dominant physical and marketab ility costs, vendor-managed inventory, essentiality of information and other desirable effects to quality, forecasts, lead time and other costs (O'Brien 2005).Leagility application to USMCIN USMC, information technology is used to improve the supply chain management.   IT is deemed essential in leagile design and USMC has addressed this issue.   Assuming that SAP NetWeave enables information sharing across different functions in the supply chain, the organization can stabilize leagile framework through its IT.   However, the investment in IT must not be too high because funds are required in creating decoupling points systems and resources.   It should be noted that agile supply chain will not be acquired by USMC rather leagile and this makes IT non-obligatory.Further, IT may have intensified the ability of USMC in integrating information and resources to armed forces and suppliers of other countries.   Adoption of leagility can provide relaxation on the demand in reducing lead time for USMC services as this is not essential to being leagile.   USMC can continue sharing resources with other countries that can result to acquiring the latest technology without the problem against time constraints (e.g. on approval of the cooperating country about the local information).The use of GPS and RFID device in tracking supplies should be minimized since leagility does not confront stock-out penalties especially there are no place for stock-out (RFID Journal).   This means that the advantage of GPS and RFID to provide real-time information about the location of the inventories in the stock room or warehouses are seen less useful.   Further, the cost of such technologies is higher than the common barcode that their use in leagility is sub-optimal.Therefore, barcodes should be revisited.   The use of satellite communications in relation to service provision in a timely manner and also quick response must be maintained.   Leagility does not offer robustn ess while its forecast mechanism requires algorithmic and consultative areas inherent to lean and agile supply chains respectively.   As a result, service provision can be adversely affected when satellites will not feedback real-time events in the area of jurisdiction.The use of rapid logistics is required in leagility.   However, this can be adversely affected as purchasing policy is managed by vendor inventory.   Even with an efficient logistics, a non-cooperative vendor can cause delays of resources delivery and transfer.   In contrast, the rapid logistics can aid in providing products within the concept of leagility.   Leagile products are provided as per customer demand which can increase customer satisfaction by rapid delivery.   In effect, service level is achieved with low cost from USMC due to absence of excessive stocks and inventory spaces.Smart packing is required to be an efficient process because the products carried through a leagile supply chain have sho rt life cycles.   Further, it is also a difficulty that USMC is obliged to produce different packing designs to a medium-scale product differentiation (Smart Packing).   Perhaps, a lean supply chain can better fit smart packing due to long life cycle.   If USMC requires cost efficiency, smart packing should be minimized and funds should be diverted to dominant costs in physical and marketability expenditures.ReferencesBanomyong, R. & Supatn, N. (unknown). Leagility in reverse logistics: a case study of electronic appliance manufacturer [Internet] Available from [Accessed 6 August 2007].O'Brien, V. (2005). Should manufacturing pursue a lean, agile or leagile strategy? [Internet] Available from [Accessed 6 August 2007].Naylor, J., Naim, M. & Berry, D. (1999). Leagility: Integrating the Lean and AgileManufacturing Paradigms in the Total Supply Chain. International Journal Of ProductionEconomics, 62(1), p.2.RFID Journal (unknown). Available from [Accessed 6 August 2007].Smart P acking (unknown). Available from [Accessed 6 August 2007].